Estudo da Influência de Distorções Harmônicas Inseridas por Sistemas Fotovoltaicos no Fator de Potência da Rede Elétrica de Distribuição

Abstract

The growth of interest in own energy generation, driven by public awareness of the environment, the price drop of components of photovoltaic systems, rising energy tariffs and incentives given through regulatory resolutions, and more recently by the legal certainty brought by the Law No. 14,300, made the Distributed Generation (DG) sector jump from ground zero in 2012 to more than 9 GW of installed power in about ten years, of which almost 98% were through the photovoltaic solar generation. This exponential growth of the sector raises concerns about the technical and commercial impacts that the accelerated insertion of photovoltaic systems can cause to the country's electrical distribution networks. One of the impacts of this insertion is the drop in the Power Factor (PF) of the network, due to the characteristic of the generators of only injecting active energy, remaining with their consumption of reactive. Another factor - sometimes ignored - but which contributes to the drop in the grid's PF, is the insertion of harmonic components by the photovoltaic inverters. With that, this work will present a study of the impact of the insertion of harmonic distortions by photovoltaic systems in the PF of the electrical distribution network, from three different scenarios.