Avaliação das Violações dos Limites de Tensão em uma Rede de Distribuição de Energia Após Inserção de Geração Distribuída Fotovoltaica

Abstract

This paper presents an evaluation of the voltage values at the common coupling point of a secondary electricity distribution network after the insertion of a photovoltaic distributed generation unit. With the evaluation it was possible to verify whether after the insertion of photovoltaic distributed generation there was a violation of the voltage limits determined by the National Electric Energy Agency. To evaluate the voltage values, computer simulations of a real distribution network were carried out, considering its constructive characteristics, as well as the power demand of the consumer units connected to the network, the installed power of the generation unit and the local solar power and temperature. The simulations were carried out considering the months of the year to analyze the influence of seasonality on the change in the simulated voltage values. With the results, it was found that the insertion of photovoltaic distributed generation can cause more than 20 violations of the voltage limit over the months, causing financial damage to the energy concessionaire. Voltage limit violations occurred 45.83% of the time at 1 pm, indicating that the occurrences are recurrent at times of high generation and low consumer demand, increasing the voltage value at the common coupling point of the distribution network. From the results obtained, it is possible to identify the instants in which the operation of the protection system of the distribution network is compromised, so that later it is possible to propose methods to regulate the voltage at the point of common coupling.